Posts Tagged Influencers

Is Facebook “material”? Rephrase that question

Saturday, November 6th, 2010 | Author: Salina Christmas

I use Facebook, but I don’t study Facebook in great depth. I was intrigued, however, by the online discussion taking place on Open Anthropology Cooperative, “Daniel Miller An Extreme Reading of Facebook”.

Naturally, my attention is focused not on Facebook itself, but on the topic of the ‘materiality’ of Facebook.

Prof Miller, who is behind the Material Culture division at our Department of Anthropology, University College London (UCL), stated on the forum: “In studying Facebook we need to resist the idea that it is a ‘thing’ with properties we are trying to discover and categorize. Mark Zukerberg intended it to be more like a utility e.g. like water or electricity, something ubiquitous in the background, and maybe he was not far wrong.”

Martin Newell's Utah Teapot was used a point of reference in our discussion. The whole point of the 3D rendering, and the 3D printout, which results in a teapot with no bottom, is to facilitate a discussion. That's why it's a "prototype".

To this, a poster responded: “Daniel Miller said: ‘In studying Facebook we need to resist the idea that it is a ‘thing’… Wow! – this is not the kind of discussion I expected to flow out of a paper by Danny Miller. Talk about fetishizing the social!

“Yet… Ilana Gershon said: ‘in your extreme reading of Facebook, how does the materiality of Facebook matter?”. This person went on to ask: “Why then this aversion to tackling Facebook’s ‘thinginess’, or indeed, in Ilana’s terms, its ‘materiality’? Let’s even allow Ingold to chime in (virtually!), to ask: what about its ‘materials’?”

Is software “material”? Rephrase the question, please

Timely discussion.

On 26 October 2010, our Digital Culture Reading & Research Group, organised by the Department of Anthropology, UCL, discussed Paul M Leonardi’s 2010 paper, Digital materiality: How artifacts without matter, matter. The session was chaired by our tutor, Dr Lane DeNicola.

The observations we arrived at with regards to the ‘materiality’ of the software:

1. You cannot judge ‘software’ in the matter / non-matter dichotomy, or in the conventional material / immaterial perimeter. That works for ceramics and chairs, but for software, it is limiting.

2. ‘Utility’ must be considered when looking at a software application.

3. Whilst it is problematic to approach the software using the matter / non-matter lens, this Design approach works: What makes something non-matter like a website a “design object”, as much as a chair that is created by a product designer? It’s the ‘objective’ behind the creation. If it has a purpose, it is a “design object” whether it’s software or hardware. Nope, this is not an anthropological theory, folks.

4. The similarity between Skype, a software application, and a table, a material artifact, is that both create “habits” in the user who uses both objects.

5. It is the way the software application is used that makes it material.

Insights inspired by the reading were made by our tutor, the MSc Digital Anthropology students (10/11), and other postgrad students at University College London. No, these insights are not fleshed out in essays yet, nor are they backed by empirical evidence and peer-reviewed, but just want to tell you guys these were the ideas that the group arrived at, and will no doubt continue to develop throughout our studies here at UCL.

It helped that some of the students involved in the discussion come from not only from pure social science backgrounds, but also from design, computer science and humanities.

I was particularly impressed by Observation No 4, made by Ian, one of my coursemates, who is also a product designer. See, you have to be an object maker to explain the object with conviction.

I think Prof Miller cottoned on to something there with regards to Facebook and ‘utility’. But I’ll leave the Facebook investigation to him, as that is not my area of digital expertise.

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Electrovision: This cinema is Paradise

Sunday, April 11th, 2010 | Author: Sojournposse Editor

By Salina Christmas
11 April 2010

This is cinema, but not as we know it. Sojournposse is no VJ connoisseur – we’re photography – but we think Electrovision‘s live visual event at The Roxy, Borough, London, which took place last night, went three notches up your usual Saturday night event.

Sculpture's Reuben Sutherland drops a graphic in place. Photo: Sojournposse

Crafting with music and sounds is hard enough as it is. For instance, I don’t know what our soundsmith buddy Legopops do with their decks, Macs and amplifiers, but they can certainly generate a party out of them. Electrovision, however, is not just a bricoleur’s orchestra; it’s also a bricoleur’s cinema. The VJing, performed synchronically with the DJing, is live.

On the VJ menu last night were four artists: Silent Eclipse, Sculpture, Overlap and Fade In Fade Out.

And voila! We now have a cinema. Photo: Sojournposse

The audience was around 80 to 100 in number, but these were proper fans. They sat respectfully at their tables, watching the big screen that loomed above the empty dancefloor (nobody danced; it was cinema, remember), but the kind of cameras they whipped out to record the performances were indicative of their taste. The lowest common denominator of a model was your average point-and-shoot camera. Mr Mo, the curator, recorded the event using a Canon EOS 5D. One chap used a mini diva light (“for daybreak lighting,” I was told) and a shoulder mount (no kidding) which were fitted to his Canon EOS 7D.

Mr Mo, pictured right, with one of the photographers. That flash light is for the daytime lighting. Photo: Sojournposse

I asked Mr Mo if the VJs were directors of photography or film-makers.”Sculpture’s Reuben Sutherland is an animator,” he said, pointing to one-half of the VJ duo. The other half, Dan Hayhurst, tinkered with the sounds.

Up until I saw Sculpture performed, I had no idea your average semi-pro SLR camera could be used for that kind of artistic end. But hang on – was that really an SLR they rigged up to ‘broadcast’ the ‘animation’, or just a small handicam? It was too dark, and our iPhone evidence didn’t help.

The next graphic (see red round piece on the right) to go on the deck. Photo: Sojournposse

Basically, here’s how Sculpture does their VJ-ing: Hayhurst cooks up the music, and Sutherland animates by adding layers and layers of pre-prepared graphics printed on round pieces of paper, vinyl-sized, which he places delicately on the record deck. Each graphic went round and round, creating rapid sequences of images. Placing a different-sized paper disrupts the flow of an animation or introduces a new sub-theme to the story. All this is recorded live using the said camera, and then transposed to the screen via an overhead projector. This is basic animation, but well-designed and cleverly done. Posse Zarina, our resident Creative Director, would have loved this art.

And that's how the red piece looks like on the screen. Photo: Sojournposse

“I’ve never seen anything like that before,” Mr Mo remarked to our Digital Anthropology tutor as we gawped at Sculpture’s animated masterpiece. “You’d have to be meticulous to create detailed animations like that.”

Mr Mo has curated many VJ events. He aims to feature different artworks at each show to keep Electrovision fresh. I asked Mr Mo what happens if there is a cock-up during a live performance. That’s the beauty of it, he said. You make it up as you go. That evening, the cinema was projected onto one screen. Occassionally, he said, three screens would be used – one on the right and also on the left of the main screen – to project ‘landscape’ sized performances. This would provide a more ‘haptic’ experience to our visual enjoyment. That night, the images were broadcast in 4:3 format. To have the images projected in the landscape length, it would have to be in 4:1. Ooh, that’s really stretchy (checkout Gotz Goppert’s landscape images to have an idea).

No. This iPhone depiction does not do the cinema any justice. Photo: Sojournposse

Each cinematic experience incorporated visuals that were distinctively retro, or totally new. Some images from the 50s were easily identifiable, some no doubt are originals produced by our VJs. Which makes me wonder: now that the Digital Economy has been passed by clueless gits in the Parliament (“IP address” means internet protocol, not intellectual property, Mr Politician), how would that badly drafted “copyright infringement” clause affect this kind of creativity? The VJs obviously use other people’s images as their points of reference, and they certainly publish these works on their websites (via Vimeo, of course. VJs only do HDs). Are they, like us the digital artists, now vulnerable to legal prosecutions? If anything, these visual creatives support their musical brothers via their visual performances. How can this art be potentially criminal? Can you think of a mega music festival – or even something like Sonar – which doesn’t rely on VJing?

The tutor and I discussed this that night with VJ Gary Oldknow of Deep Visual, and also Mike Faulkner of D-Fuse, our 3D animator friend whom Sojournposse met at Nissan’s East Meets West exhibition for London Design Festival 2009 (see his latest work on the Jakarta History Museum – amazing!). The only way to go about this is for the visual artists – photographers, animators, illustrators and the like – to not accept playing ‘second fiddle’ anymore to music and the written art. They’ve got the law; we’ve got culture.

Music video and the world wide web would be nothing without images.

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